The Magnificent Rockfish

Rockfish are a fascinating genus of fish with many unique characteristics, whose genus name Sebastes translates to magnificent in Greek – which they really are! However, some of these characteristics make them especially vulnerable. Rockfish can have lifespans reaching even beyond humans- ranging from 50-120 years, they are some of the longest-lived vertebrates. Due to their longevity, rockfish don’t reach sexual maturity until much later in their lives. Because of this, it takes many years for population growth, as they produce more eggs compared to younger fish. Additionally, due to the depths they live in, they are vulnerable to barotrauma when exposed to catch and release fishing. Barotrauma is caused when the swim bladder of a fish expands due to rapidly changing pressure, which leads to protrusion of the eyes and stomach and the inability to swim back to their original depth. When descended within a few minutes of being caught, rockfish survival increases to 92.5% (compared to 0% when a descender device is not used).

Rockfish Conservation Areas

Throughout BC, including the Southern Gulf Islands, 164 Rockfish Conservation Areas (RCAs) have been implemented to help protect rockfish and their habitats.

What types of recreational fishing are allowed in RCAs?

  • Crab and prawn by trap
  • Invertebrates by hand picking or dive
  • Smelt by gillnet

Hook-and-line fishing is not permitted in these areas. 

*These regulations are for non-Indigenous fishers.

 

What You Can Do

Here are some simple ways you can help conserve rockfish!

Stay Informed

Stay informed on the latest fishing regulations. Updates can be found on the Fisheries and Oceans Canada website.

Share Your Knowledge

Share your knowledge with family, friends and fishers on rockfish conservation!

Use a Descender Device

Any rockfish that are not being kept must be immediately descended to a similar depth at which they were caught.

Download the MyCatch App

This app is free, easy to use and shows you exactly where Rockfish Conservation Areas are. Download offline maps and receive a notification when entering an RCA.

Report Violations

Report fisheries violations to Fisheries and Oceans Canada (1-800-465-4336).

What We Are Doing

RCA Outreach & Monitoring

The Rockfish Conservation Project started through a partnership between the Galiano Conservancy Association, the Valdes Island Conservancy, and the UVic School of Environmental Studies to raise awareness about BC’s imperiled rockfish.

What are we doing to help protect rockfish?

  • Public outreach at events to educate people on the threats rockfish are facing and how they can make a difference
  • Interviewing recreational fishers to assess fisher knowledge on RCAs
  • Monitoring RCAs using shore-mounted trail cameras to collect data to monitor the effectiveness of our outreach efforts
Angler’s Atlas

MyCatch App

The MyCatch app by Angler’s Atlas is free, easy to use, and shows you exactly where Rockfish Conservation Areas are. This app provides you with updated fishing regulations, the ability to download offline maps and is great for tracking your fishing trips and catches.

rockfish
Rockfish Conservation

Rockfish Species

Learn more about some of the rockfish species living in the Salish Sea!

Yelloweye Rockfish

Sebastes ruberrimus

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Yelloweye Rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Ranked
  • COSEWIC: Threatened
  • SARA: 1-SC (Special Concern)
  • Global: Not Ranked
  • Galiano Island Status: 5 observations around Galiano Island

Description

A brightly coloured orange-red fish with yellow eyes and a white stripe along their lateral line. This species can live up to 150 years! Their average reproductive age is 32 years.

Habitat

Deep (most commonly 300 ft-600 ft) rocky areas.

Range

Found along the Western coast of North America- from the Aleutian Islands to the Baja Peninsula.

Threats

Overfishing, barotrauma

Photo Credit

Kathleen R.

Quillback Rockfish

Sebastes maliger

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Quillback Rockfish (Sebastes maliger)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Ranked
  • COSEWIC: Threatened
  • SARA: Not Ranked
  • Global: Not Ranked
  • Galiano Island Status: 22 observations around Galiano Island

Description

Dark brown colouring with pale orange mottling toward the head and very long, spiny dorsal fins which are venomous.

Habitat

Rocky bottom reefs and kelp beds.

Range

Found from Alaska to Southern California.

Threats

Overfishing, barotrauma

Photo Credit

Sara Thiebaud, Bri Gabel

China Rockfish

Sebastes nebulosus

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China Rockfish (Sebastes nebulosus)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Ranked
  • COSEWIC: Not Ranked
  • SARA: Not Ranked
  • Global: Not Ranked
  • Galiano Island Status: No observations around Galiano Island

Description

This territorial and solitary fish is black with mottled yellow coloring and a distinct yellow stripe along their body. Their dorsal spine can be slightly venomous.

Habitat

Prefer rocky habitats. Fun fact- china rockfish have been observed living with Giant Pacific Octopus in the same rock crevices!

Range

Kodiak Island, Alaska to Southern California. However, they are more common between British Columbia and Central California.

Threats

Overfishing, barotrauma

Photo Credit

Josh Maxwell, Sara Thiebaud

Copper Rockfish

Sebastes caurinus

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Copper Rockfish (Sebastes caurinus)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Ranked
  • COSEWIC: Not Ranked
  • SARA: Not Ranked
  • Global: Not Ranked
  • Galiano Island Status: 12 observations around Galiano Island

Description

Copper colored fish with a distinct lightly colored band along their lateral line and spiny dorsal fins.

Habitat

Nearshore rocky environments and kelp beds. Some adults spend their whole life on one rock pile!

Range

Western Gulf of Alaska to Baja California.

Threats

Overfishing, barotrauma

Photo Credit

Jonathan Lavan, Sara Thiebaud

Black Rockfish

Sebastes melanops

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Black Rockfish (Sebastes melanops)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Reviewed
  • COSEWIC: Not Ranked
  • SARA: Not Ranked
  • Global: Not Ranked
  • Galiano Island Status: No observations around Galiano Island

Description

Mottled grey-black body with a pale belly.

Habitat

Rocky habitats. Most commonly found in depths lower than 240 feet.

Range

Alaska to Northern Baja, California.

Threats

Overfishing, barotrauma

Photo Credit

Kathleen R., Kieran Cox

Tiger Rockfish

Sebastes nigrocinctus

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Tiger Rockfish (Sebastes nigrocinctus)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Ranked
  • COSEWIC: Not Ranked
  • SARA: Not Ranked
  • Global: Not Ranked
  • Galiano Island Status: No observations around Galiano Island

Description

Orange colored fish with five dark vertical stripes along their bodies. They can grow up to 60 cm long and live up to 116 years.

Habitat

Rocky reefs at depths between 32-820 feet.

Range

Kodiak Island, Alaska to Southern California.

Threats

Overfishing, barotrauma

Photo Credit

Kathleen R., Sara Thiebaud

Brown Rockfish

Sebastes auriculatus

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Brown Rockfish (Sebastes auriculatus)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Ranked
  • COSEWIC: Not Ranked
  • SARA: Not Ranked
  • Global: Not Ranked
  • Galiano Island Status: No observations around Galiano Island

Description

Brown body with dark mottling. They have a distinct dark spot on their operculum (gill flap). Their venomous spines can cause pain and injuries. They are one of the shorter lived rockfish species, living up to 34 years. They feed mainly at night on small fish, shrimp, crab and other small invertebrates.

Habitat

Prefer rocky bottoms and turbid waters. Interestingly, brown rockfish have also been found in abundance around oil platforms in California.

Range

Gulf of Alaska to central Baja California.

Threats

Overfishing, barotrauma

Photo Credit

Sara Thiebaud

Greenstriped Rockfish

Sebastes elongatus

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Greenstriped Rockfish (Sebastes elongatus)

Resources

Status

  • BC: Not Ranked
  • COSEWIC: Not Ranked
  • SARA: Not Ranked
  • Global: G5 (Secure)
  • Galiano Island Status: 10 observations around Galiano Island

Description

Pale coloured fish with horizontal green stripes along their body.

Habitat

Inshore and offshore areas on rocky and soft substrates.

Range

Gulf of Alaska to Baja California

Threats

Overfishing and barotrauma

Photo Credit

Sara Thiebaud, Neil McDaniel

Knowledge Hub

Additional Resources

Explore the following resources to learn more about rockfish conservation on Galiano Island.